ENERGY
“The ability of a body to perform work is called Energy”. A body cannot perform work if it does not posses energy.A body cannot perform work more than the amount of energy.
It is a scalar quantity.
(i) Joule
(ii) Calorie [NOTE: 1 Calorie = 4.2 joule.]
(iii) KWatt-Hour
There aree numerous types of energy such as:
Heat Energy
Light Energy
Sound Energy
Nuclear Energy
Chemical Energy
Electrical Energy
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy etc. etc.
Average power of a body doing work is numerically equal to the totla work done divided by the time taken to perform the work.
Power = Work/t
but [work = Fd]
therefore
Power = Fd/t
(i) watt [1 watt = 1joule/sec ]
(ii) Kilo watt [1Kw = 1000 watt]
(iii) Mega watt (Mw) [1Mw = 106 watt]
(iv) Horse power [1Hp = 746w] POTENTIAL ENERGY
Energy stored by a body by any means is called “Potential Energy”.
“The energy stored by a body due to its position in gravitational field is known as ?Gravitational Potential Energy?”.
Consider a body of mass “m” placed at a height of “h” from the surface of earth.
Force = Weight = W
but displacement (d) = h
OR
Work done = Wh
[but W = mg]
work done = mgh
WE know that the work done in lifting the body is stored in the body in the form of Potential Energy. Thus P.E. = mgh